Epidemiology Glycemic index, glycemic load and risk of prostate cancer Livia S.A. Augustin 1, Carlotta Galeone 2, Luigino Dal Maso 3, Claudio Pelucchi 2 *, Valerio Ramazzotti 4, David J.A. Jenkins 1, Maurizio Montella 5, Renato Talamini 3, Eva Negri 2, Silvia Franceschi 6, Carlo La Vecchia 2 7 1Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada 2Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy 3Servizio di Epidemiologia e Biostatistica, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, Italy 4Servizio Integrato di Epidemiologia e Sistemi Informativi, Istituto Regina Elena, Rome, Italy 5Servizio di Epidemiologia, Istituto Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples, Italy 6International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France 7Istituto di Statistica Medica e Biometria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy email: Claudio Pelucchi (pelucchi@marionegri.it) *Correspondence to Claudio Pelucchi, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via Eritrea 62, 20157 Milan, Italy Fax: +39-02-33200231 Abstract Dietary carbohydrates have different glycemic and insulinemic potentials depending on type (glycemic index, GI) and amount (glycemic load, GL) of carbohydrate consumed or both. Insulin in turn has been implicated as a risk factor for several cancers, including that of the prostate. We assessed the relationship of GI and GL with prostate cancer risk in a multicenter case-control study. Cases and controls were recruited between 1991 and 2002 in the network of major teaching and general hospitals in 4 Italian areas. Cases were 1,204 men (age range 46-74 years) admitted for incident, histologically confirmed prostate cancer. Controls were 1,352 men (age range 46-74 years) admitted for acute, nonmalignant conditions unrelated to long-term modifications of diet. ORs of prostate cancer and the corresponding 95% CIs were derived using unconditional multiple logistic regression, including terms for age, study center, education, family history of prostate cancer, smoking, body mass index, physical activity, alcohol consumption, intake of energy, fiber and lycopenes. Compared to the lowest quintile of GI, the ORs were 1.23, 1.24, 1.47 and 1.57 for subsequent levels of GI. The corresponding values for GL were 0.91, 1.00, 1.20 and 1.41. No heterogeneity was found among strata of selected covariates. We found direct relations between dietary GI and GL and prostate cancer risk. Correcting for potential confounding factors did not substantially modify these associations. International Journal of Cancer Volume 112, Issue 3 , Pages 446 - 450 Ann's NOTE: We asked the researcher for a copy of the complete paper for our files. Remember we are NOT Doctors and have NO medical training. This site is like an Encylopedia - there are many pages, many links on many topics. Support our work with any size DONATION - see left side of any page - for how to donate. You can help raise awareness of CAM.